High scores are generally considered to be raw scores of 28 or more. The addictions may be to alcohol or drugs, tobacco, caffeine, or activities, e.g., gambling. High: Elevations of the MAC-R Scale represent an overall addiction-prone personality. Caldwell (1988) calls this scale "Constriction." High R's are difficult to treat in insight therapy. If R is greater than T 69, and the clinical scales look normal, consider them defensively submerged. I use R to help detect subtle fake good profiles. Correlates -.55 Wiggins Hypomania, -.55 with Wiggins Manifest Hostility, and. Low: Outgoing, talkative, excitable, emotional, willing to discuss personal problems, extroverted, dominant, impulsive, and aggressive.
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High: Utilizing repression, denial, rationalization, lacking self-insight, unwilling to discuss personal shortcomings, conventional, constricted and over-controlled. The A factor may represent ego-alien symptoms, whereas 7 is more characterlogical anxiety. Welsh's A is more pathological than scale 7 Pyschasthenia. The items are obvious and therefore sensitive to response bias. What you get is a general psychopathology scale, not just "anxiety". This is Welsh's first factor of the MMPI items. Low: Denies feelings of anxiety, self-confident, competitive, manipulative, extroverted and active. High: Manifest anxiety and depression, pessimistic, apathetic, shy, lacks self-confidence, externalizes blame and disorganized. Be sure to look at L, F and K before interpreting them.Ī Anxiety - Welsh (1954).
![what does the mmpi 2 measure what does the mmpi 2 measure](https://image2.slideserve.com/4009563/projective-tests-l.jpg)
Generally, T65 should be considered "High", and below T40 "Low." Since, these scales are not K-corrected, many of them are effected by response bias.